[1년 후 마실가실] Test Code 작성

1년 전 진행했던 마실가실 프로젝트를 🛠️리팩토링하며 정리한 내용입니다.

 

Test Code가 없던 1년 전 마실가실, 리팩토링을 하면서 Test Code가 생겼습니다.

예상 동작과 실제 동작을 비교하여 빠르고 정확한 테스트를 위해서 Test Code를 작성한다고 하는데,

개인적으로 가장 큰 장점은 독립적인 테스트가 가능하다는 것이라고 생각합니다.

 

저의 리팩토링은 Front가 아닌 Back이고, 따라서 바인딩은 수정이 안된 상황입니다.

화면에서는 정확하게 나오지 않을 확률이 99%입니다.

바인딩까지 수정하면 너무 긴 시간을 기다리게 됩니다.

그렇다고, System.out.println()을 하나하나 확인하기에는 정확성이 떨어질 수 있습니다.

 

또한, 다른 기능이 아직 리팩토링되지 않아 동작을 하지 않을 경우 새로 고친 코드가 맞는지는 이런 식으로 하다가는 프로그램이 완성되어야 알 수 있게 됩니다.

 

이에 대한 대안이 Test Code라고 생각합니다.

 

기존에 설정조차 안되어 있었기 때문에

1. 환경 설정을 하고
2. 테스트 코드를 작성해서
3. 오류를 수정할 예정입니다.

 

1. 환경 설정

• build.gradle

// 추가
dependencies {
	testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'
}

// 추가
test {
	useJUnitPlatform()
}
// test 태스크가 정의될 때 설정을 직접 적용

// 삭제
task.named('test'){
	useJUnitPlatform()
}
// 동적으로 태스크를 참조하거나 태스크가 조건부로 생성되는 경우 사용

 

2. Test Code 작성

• UserServiceTest.java

@SpringBootTest
@Transactional
public class UserServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    UserService userService;
    @Autowired
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @Test
    public void 회원가입() throws Exception {
        // given
        User user = new User();
        user.setStatus("M");
        user.setEmail("test@email.com");
        user.setPhone("010-2345-6789");

        // when
        Integer createdId = userService.create(user);

        // then
        assertThat(user).isEqualTo(userRepository.findOne(createdId));
    }
}

• @SpringBootTest
  • 통합 테스트를 제공하는 기본적인 스프링 부트 테스트 어노테이션
• NullPointerException
  • @Test import class에 유의
    • import org.junit.Test;
      → import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
  • @CreatedDate, @LastModifiedDate 사용 시, 
    • @EnableJpaAuditing, @EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener.class) 추가

 

3. 오류 수정

사실 자잘한 오류는 문제가 아니었습니다.

테스트 자체가 안돌아갔던 큰 문제가 있었기 때문이죠.

 

contextLoads()

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext for [WebMergedContextConfiguration@2caa5d7c testClass = com.msgs.main.MsgsApplicationTests, locations = [], classes = [com.msgs.main.MsgsApplication], contextInitializerClasses = [], activeProfiles = [], propertySourceLocations = [], propertySourceProperties = ["org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper=true"], contextCustomizers = [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.actuate.observability.ObservabilityContextCustomizerFactory$DisableObservabilityContextCustomizer@1f, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.properties.PropertyMappingContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverContextCustomizerFactory$Customizer@3cc41abc, org.springframework.boot.test.context.filter.ExcludeFilterContextCustomizer@6f2cfcc2, org.springframework.boot.test.json.DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizerFactory$DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizer@ec2cc4, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer@2f4205be, org.springframework.boot.test.web.reactive.server.WebTestClientContextCustomizer@544820b7, org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestAnnotation@d3394ad], resourceBasePath = "src/main/webapp", contextLoader = org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader, parent = null]
	at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:142)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:127)
	at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:191)
	at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:130)
	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:241)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:138)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$10(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:377)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.executeAndMaskThrowable(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:382)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$11(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:377)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:197)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:179)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1625)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:509)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:499)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:310)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:735)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:734)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:762)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.invokeTestInstancePostProcessors(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:376)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance$6(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:289)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:288)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$4(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:278)
	at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:364)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$5(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:277)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.TestInstancesProvider.getTestInstances(TestInstancesProvider.java:31)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$prepare$0(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:105)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:104)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:68)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$prepare$2(NodeTestTask.java:123)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.prepare(NodeTestTask.java:123)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:90)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:35)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:54)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:107)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:114)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:86)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession$DelegatingLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncherSession.java:86)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.SessionPerRequestLauncher.execute(SessionPerRequestLauncher.java:53)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.processAllTestClasses(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:99)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.access$000(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:79)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.stop(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:75)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.stop(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
	at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:36)
	at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
	at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:33)
	at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:94)
	at jdk.proxy1/jdk.proxy1.$Proxy2.stop(Unknown Source)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker$3.run(TestWorker.java:193)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.executeAndMaintainThreadName(TestWorker.java:129)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:100)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:60)
	at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.ActionExecutionWorker.execute(ActionExecutionWorker.java:56)
	at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:113)
	at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:65)
	at worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.run(GradleWorkerMain.java:69)
	at worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.main(GradleWorkerMain.java:74)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to parse configuration class [com.msgs.main.MsgsApplication]
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:178)
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:415)
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:287)
	at app//org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:344)
	at app//org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:115)
	at app//org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:771)
	at app//org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:589)
	at app//org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:733)
	at app//org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:435)
	at app//org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:311)
	at app//org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.lambda$loadContext$3(SpringBootContextLoader.java:137)
	at app//org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:58)
	at app//org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:46)
	at app//org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.withHook(SpringApplication.java:1405)
	at app//org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader$ContextLoaderHook.run(SpringBootContextLoader.java:545)
	at app//org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:137)
	at app//org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:108)
	at app//org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:184)
	at app//org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:118)
	... 87 more
Caused by: org.springframework.context.annotation.ConflictingBeanDefinitionException: Annotation-specified bean name 'userController2' for bean class [com.msgs.user.controller.UserController2] conflicts with existing, non-compatible bean definition of same name and class [com.msgs.msgs.jwt.controller.UserController2]
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.checkCandidate(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:349)
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:287)
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanAnnotationParser.parse(ComponentScanAnnotationParser.java:128)
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:289)
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:243)
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:196)
	at app//org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:164)
	... 105 more

 

너무 긴 에러는 눈에 잘 안들어옵니다.

 

읽히는 에러만 찾아서 해결해봅니다.

전 보통 제일 긴 부분이나 Caused by를 먼저 봅니다.

Caused by: 
	org.springframework.context.annotation.ConflictingBeanDefinitionException: 
		Annotation-specified bean name 'userController2' for bean class [com.msgs.user.controller.UserController2] conflicts with existing, 
		non-compatible bean definition of same name and class [com.msgs.msgs.jwt.controller.UserController2]

 

찾았습니다🫠.

 

package가 다르면 Controller 이름이 같아도 되겠지라고 생각한 저의 실수입니다.

같은 이름의 Bean을 등록할 수 없습니다.

 

 

 

🙋‍♀️

본 포스트는 공부 목적으로 작성하였습니다.
보시는 도중 잘못된 부분이나 개선할 부분이 있다면 댓글로 알려주시면 수정하도록 하겠습니다.

 

📑

참고 자료

Spring Boot에서의 Test 어노테이션

 

OrderServiceTest 코드의 NullPointerExce... - 인프런 | 커뮤니티 질문&답변

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